This project analyzes the legal and economic significance of femme sole<\/em> status in late medieval England, roughly from 1300-1500, focusing on whether the status conferred onto singlewomen, widows, and married women trading sole a consequential amount of autonomy in a society where coverture put notable constraints on women\u2019s economic and legal agency. These constraints rendered married women unable to enter contracts or litigation in their own rights. However, there were certain places which permitted married women to register as femme sole, gaining these rights back. This was for economic purposes; it did not serve as a challenge to patriarchal authority but rather as protection for commerce and male property. Femme sole status was geographically limited in scope, could cause women to experience higher vulnerability in debt litigation, and was merely one factor in the determination of legal agency a woman could receive. This project examines case law, custumals, and historiography to show that even when women used legal maneuverability to and status to participate and work around the system, that system was still shaped by male authority. Femme sole status was ultimately a way for the law to account for female participation without usurping the social order.<\/p>\n Bound by Freedom: Femme Sole Status and the Reinforcement of Patriarchy in Late Medieval England Abstract: This project analyzes the legal and economic significance of femme sole status in late medieval England, roughly from 1300-1500, focusing on whether the status conferred onto singlewomen, widows, and married women trading sole a consequential amount of autonomy in […]<\/p>\n Continue Reading “Danielle S. Gibson”<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":348,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-6034","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6034","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/348"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6034"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6034\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6039,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6034\/revisions\/6039"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6034"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":6003,"date":"2025-09-02T15:29:08","date_gmt":"2025-09-02T19:29:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/?page_id=6003"},"modified":"2025-09-02T15:29:08","modified_gmt":"2025-09-02T19:29:08","slug":"iliana-l-seltzer-escandon","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/iliana-l-seltzer-escandon\/","title":{"rendered":"Iliana L. Seltzer Escandon"},"content":{"rendered":" The following text is is a historical look at Franz Kafka\u2019s Judaism in his personal life as well as his bibliography\u2014it seeks to contextualize and explore his own complicated relationship with his Judaism through a combination of his own writings and letters as well as specifically Jewish readings of what may be his most famous work, The Metamorphosis. I am not here to claim that the Jewish reading of Kafka\u2019s work is the definitive one, nor to attempt that it was secretly intended as Jewish. But I wanted to write a project that acknowledged and discussed Kafka\u2019s very nuanced, complex, and somewhat troubled relationship with his own Jewishness\u2014as well as his political Zionism\u2014in the backdrop of the early 20th century in which he lived, and to marry that with these various readings of The Metamorphosis that focus on its Jewish themes not merely in themes, but in storytelling techniques as well. It is my firm belief that Kafka\u2019s Judaism is deeply important to his existence as a person, yet outside of certain academic circles it is rarely discussed or brought up. This project aims to rectify that, and hopefully bring newer readers to understand Franz Kafka better as an author and a person through his Jewishness\u2014as well as expand on why that still matters today in the present.<\/p>\n Vermin and Stars: Franz Kafka\u2019s Judaism Abstract: The following text is is a historical look at Franz Kafka\u2019s Judaism in his personal life as well as his bibliography\u2014it seeks to contextualize and explore his own complicated relationship with his Judaism through a combination of his own writings and letters as well as specifically Jewish readings […]<\/p>\n Continue Reading “Iliana L. Seltzer Escandon”<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":348,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-6003","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6003","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/348"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6003"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6003\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6003"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":5999,"date":"2025-09-02T15:22:57","date_gmt":"2025-09-02T19:22:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/?page_id=5999"},"modified":"2025-09-02T15:24:59","modified_gmt":"2025-09-02T19:24:59","slug":"jacob-i-michaels","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/jacob-i-michaels\/","title":{"rendered":"Jacob I. Michaels"},"content":{"rendered":" This project dives into the nuances of sports history, specifically the value of professional, and amateur players, throughout the history of the game of Olympic basketball. I focus on the eight year time period between 1984-1992. This time period would have a very influential historical actor to my research in Michael Jordan. Jordan would compete as both an amateur and professional in the Olympics and would leave an ever lasting legacy within the game of Olympic basketball, and basketball as a whole. Throughout my project I go into detail about players NIL (Name, Image, and Likeness) and how the value of players NIL evolved overtime. With Michael Jordan being the trailblazer that would be the first to be able to completely capitalize off of the evolution of the game of basketball, and the factors that would contribute to that evolution like technology and the globalization of the professional game of basketball to a worldwide audience by using the Olympics as a global platform.<\/p>\n From Amateurs to Icons: The Role of Professionalization and Technology in Shaping Athlete Value Abstract: This project dives into the nuances of sports history, specifically the value of professional, and amateur players, throughout the history of the game of Olympic basketball. I focus on the eight year time period between 1984-1992. This time period would […]<\/p>\n Continue Reading “Jacob I. Michaels”<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":348,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-5999","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5999","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/348"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5999"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5999\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5999"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":5997,"date":"2025-09-02T15:10:45","date_gmt":"2025-09-02T19:10:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/?page_id=5997"},"modified":"2025-09-02T15:10:45","modified_gmt":"2025-09-02T19:10:45","slug":"sarah-k-pitko","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/sarah-k-pitko\/","title":{"rendered":"Sarah K. Pitko"},"content":{"rendered":" In 1956 under President Eisenhower\u2019s administration, the Federal-Aid Highway Act officially went into effect and marked the beginning of transformation with interstate construction nationally. Planning for Interstate 680 in Youngstown, Ohio began in 1952 and construction lasted until 1976, clearing out ethnic Slovak working class neighborhoods in Lansingville and other important, previously established, community spaces, like Pine Hollow Park, in its path. This Senior Project investigates the destruction done to the Lansingville community leading to decreases in general community connectivity and area population, while also seeking to understand how memories have both aided and failed in immortalizing the importance of a once tight knit neighborhood. This project also focuses on documented accounts of I-680\u2019s construction and how other historians have analyzed the depletion of Lansingville\u2019s community and community memory due to the freeway. This project argues that the construction of I-680 not only destroyed historically significant neighborhoods and places in Lansingville, but also the conceptualization of collective outstanding community memory.<\/p>\n Destruction in Construction: How I-680 Broke the Grounds of The Lansingville Community Abstract: In 1956 under President Eisenhower\u2019s administration, the Federal-Aid Highway Act officially went into effect and marked the beginning of transformation with interstate construction nationally. Planning for Interstate 680 in Youngstown, Ohio began in 1952 and construction lasted until 1976, clearing out ethnic […]<\/p>\n Continue Reading “Sarah K. Pitko”<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":348,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-5997","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5997","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/348"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5997"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5997\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5997"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":5993,"date":"2025-09-02T15:02:37","date_gmt":"2025-09-02T19:02:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/?page_id=5993"},"modified":"2025-09-02T15:02:37","modified_gmt":"2025-09-02T19:02:37","slug":"kellen-d-ernst","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/kellen-d-ernst\/","title":{"rendered":"Kellen D. Ernst"},"content":{"rendered":" This project focuses on a mass protest, well known as the Prague Spring of 1968, that occurred in Czechoslovakia and the United States\u2019 overall reaction. This uprising was a brief period of political liberalization in Czechoslovakia under the leadership of Alexander Dub\u010dek, who pitched the slogan \u201cSocialism with a Human Face\u201d, which aimed to establish an advanced socialist society to ease restrictions on speech, press, and travel, and decentralize the economy. As an ally of a military coalition that were made up of the Eastern Bloc countries, an alliance of countries that were under USSR\u2019s sphere of influence, known as the Warsaw Pact and a satellite state of the Soviet Union at the time, Czechoslovakia was invaded by their allied countries of the Warsaw Pact as an aftermath of Dubcek’s plans, leading to the main Prague Spring event. The United States, while condemning the Soviet led invasion, did not physically intervene in this brief period of chaos due to their conflicts with the Soviet Union throughout the majority of the Cold War and as well as the ongoing warfare in Vietnam. In addition, some scholars argue the major scare of the Cuban Missile Crisis shaped how the United States reacted. However, the overall reaction of the United States reflected the desire to avoid a potential World War 3 scenario and the fear of nuclear destruction.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Prague Spring and America’s Dilemma America’s Reaction to the Prague Spring & How Significant it was in our Country\u2019s History Abstract: This project focuses on a mass protest, well known as the Prague Spring of 1968, that occurred in Czechoslovakia and the United States\u2019 overall reaction. This uprising was a brief period of political liberalization […]<\/p>\n Continue Reading “Kellen D. Ernst”<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":348,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-5993","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5993","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/348"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5993"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5993\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5993"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":5991,"date":"2025-09-02T14:59:12","date_gmt":"2025-09-02T18:59:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/?page_id=5991"},"modified":"2025-09-02T14:59:12","modified_gmt":"2025-09-02T18:59:12","slug":"eliyah-s-gray","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/eliyah-s-gray\/","title":{"rendered":"Eliyah S. Gray"},"content":{"rendered":" The Historiography of Maroon communities in the United States from the early eighteenth century to the late nineteenth century, at the end of emancipation, is an underrepresented topic in historiographical scholarship and has not seen much research going into it. Historical records of Maroons differ depending on the region, however, they all have the same undertone of disapproval from their white authors. Which is why I focus on three different regions\u2014north, mid-Atlantic, and south\u2014in my project. These different perspectives will take into account Black and white relations during their time as well as a comparative point of view to see how different these regions were when it came to the enslavement of Africans.<\/p>\n Unwritten Histories: The History of Maroon Communities in the United States from the Early Eighteenth Century to the Late Nineteenth Century Abstract: The Historiography of Maroon communities in the United States from the early eighteenth century to the late nineteenth century, at the end of emancipation, is an underrepresented topic in historiographical scholarship and has […]<\/p>\n Continue Reading “Eliyah S. Gray”<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":348,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-5991","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5991","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/348"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5991"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5991\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5991"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":5989,"date":"2025-09-02T14:40:03","date_gmt":"2025-09-02T18:40:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/?page_id=5989"},"modified":"2025-09-02T14:40:03","modified_gmt":"2025-09-02T18:40:03","slug":"john-b-cushwa","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/john-b-cushwa\/","title":{"rendered":"John B. Cushwa"},"content":{"rendered":" My project explores the enduring influence of the American Revolutionary War on the modern U.S. military, focusing on how early military leadership, unconventional tactics, and the emergence of civic duty laid the groundwork for contemporary military principles. By examining the evolution of the Continental Army under leaders like George Washington, and the strategic innovations that defined the war, this research highlights how the foundational values of resilience, adaptability, and selfless service were forged in the crucible of revolution. Drawing from both primary and secondary sources, the project connects 18th-century military practices with present-day doctrines, training, and the enduring spirit of the citizen-soldier. Through a historical lens, this work aims to bridge past and present, offering insight into how the Revolutionary War continues to shape the identity, structure, and ethos of the United States military today.<\/p>\n The Enduring Legacy of the American Revolutionary War Abstract: My project explores the enduring influence of the American Revolutionary War on the modern U.S. military, focusing on how early military leadership, unconventional tactics, and the emergence of civic duty laid the groundwork for contemporary military principles. By examining the evolution of the Continental Army under […]<\/p>\n Continue Reading “John B. Cushwa”<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":348,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-5989","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5989","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/348"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5989"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5989\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5989"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":5987,"date":"2025-09-02T14:36:24","date_gmt":"2025-09-02T18:36:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/?page_id=5987"},"modified":"2025-09-02T14:36:24","modified_gmt":"2025-09-02T18:36:24","slug":"elizabeth-r-roda","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/elizabeth-r-roda\/","title":{"rendered":"Elizabeth R. Roda"},"content":{"rendered":" The witch craze of pre-modern Europe consisted of over a century of trials and executions, with this series of events taking place primarily between the years of 1560-1700. During the witch craze, thousands of people were arrested and put on trial for allegations of witchcraft, with many of these people being tortured or executed as a result. Witch trials began to spike throughout all of Europe, but reached their peak in the northwestern regions of the continent. There were many contributing factors to the domino effect that sparked the witch craze, with some of these including stricter laws and religious reform brought forward by the events of the Protestant Reformation. My primary thesis argues, however, that the root cause of the witch craze in Europe was embedded within the rigid gender roles and perceptions towards female sexuality and purity culture that have been in place since the medieval era. Throughout this project, I will make this argument by first exploring the contexts and origins of the European witch trials, analyzing the existing scholarship within the historical field, and finally analyzing two detailed case studies that each offer unique perspectives and experiences on this intersectional topic.<\/p>\n Women, Not Witches: A Historiographical Analysis on the Role of Gender and Sexuality in the Witch Craze of Pre-Modern Western Europe Abstract: The witch craze of pre-modern Europe consisted of over a century of trials and executions, with this series of events taking place primarily between the years of 1560-1700. During the witch craze, thousands […]<\/p>\n Continue Reading “Elizabeth R. Roda”<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":348,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-5987","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5987","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/348"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5987"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5987\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5987"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":5983,"date":"2025-09-02T14:32:25","date_gmt":"2025-09-02T18:32:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/?page_id=5983"},"modified":"2025-09-02T14:32:25","modified_gmt":"2025-09-02T18:32:25","slug":"elaina-i-ginsberg","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.allegheny.edu\/history\/elaina-i-ginsberg\/","title":{"rendered":"Elaina I. Ginsberg"},"content":{"rendered":" Black women were engaged in both subtle and bold resistance, utilizing a variety of methods to undermine the institution of enslavement during the American Civil War. Their acts of subtle resistance included small, often overlooked actions, such as being educated, sabotage on plantations through defying slave masters, and supporting the idea of Unionism. Bold resistance highlighted the defiant acts directly against enslavement, challenging the institution, and requiring significant personal risk. Black women engaged in espionage, escaping enslavement, joining the Union cause, and fighting for collective freedom of all Black Americans. While Black women\u2019s resistance is critical in shaping intersectional historical discussions surrounding the American Civil War, as well as in understanding the roles in which these women played in the Union success, their narratives have historically been overlooked. I argue that Black female resistance served as a mechanism for Union success and demonstrated that these women were essential to their own emancipation, as well as to the Confederate surrender. Their acts of subtle and bold resistance played critical roles in achieving freedom.<\/p>\n Resistance in the American Civil War: Through the Lens of Black Women Abstract: Black women were engaged in both subtle and bold resistance, utilizing a variety of methods to undermine the institution of enslavement during the American Civil War. Their acts of subtle resistance included small, often overlooked actions, such as being educated, sabotage on […]<\/p>\nThesis Advisor: K. Pinnow<\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Vermin and Stars: Franz Kafka\u2019s Judaism<\/h3>\n
Abstract:<\/h4>\n
Thesis Advisor: B. Miller<\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
From Amateurs to Icons:
\nThe Role of Professionalization and Technology in Shaping Athlete Value<\/h3>\nAbstract:<\/h4>\n
Thesis Advisor: J. Herrman<\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Destruction in Construction: How I-680 Broke the Grounds of The Lansingville Community<\/h3>\n
Abstract:<\/h4>\n
Thesis Advisor: A. Ribeiro<\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Prague Spring and America’s Dilemma
\nAmerica’s Reaction to the Prague Spring & How Significant it was in our Country\u2019s History<\/h3>\nAbstract:<\/h4>\n
Thesis Advisor: K. Pinnow<\/h4>\n
Unwritten Histories: The History of Maroon Communities in the United States from the Early Eighteenth Century to the Late Nineteenth Century<\/h3>\n
Abstract:<\/h4>\n
Thesis Advisor: A. Ribeiro<\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
The Enduring Legacy of the American Revolutionary War<\/h3>\n
Abstract:<\/h4>\n
Thesis Advisor: A. Keysor<\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Women, Not Witches: A Historiographical Analysis on the Role of Gender and Sexuality in the Witch Craze of Pre-Modern Western Europe<\/h3>\n
Abstract:<\/h4>\n
Thesis Advisor: K. Pinnow<\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Resistance in the American Civil War: Through the Lens of Black Women<\/h3>\n
Abstract:<\/h4>\n
Thesis Advisor: I. Binnington<\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"